به نژادی گیاهان زراعی و باغی

به نژادی گیاهان زراعی و باغی

کپسوله کردن نوک شاخه‌ها در دو هیبرید ایرانی آفتابگردان و مقایسه تبدیل و رشد بذرهای مصنوعی حاصل روی بستره‌های مختلف

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
سهیلا مرادی 1
محمدرضا عظیمی 2
سعید پورداد 3
فریبرز حبیبی 4
1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، ایران
2 استادیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، ایران
3 دانشیار، مؤسسه تحقیقات کشاورزی دیم، کرمانشاه، ایران
4 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، ایران
چکیده
این آزمایش به‌منظور تعیین میزان تبدیل و رشد بذرهای مصنوعی حاصل از کپسوله کردن نوک شاخه‌های آفتابگردان روی بستره‌های مختلف به‌صورت فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح کاملاً تصادفی با پنج تکرار در آزمایشگاه کشت بافت مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی کرمانشاه در سال 1391 انجام شد. نوک شاخه‌های حاصل از گیاهچه‌های تکثیرشده آفتابگردان در شرایط درون‌شیشه‌ای در آلژینات سدیم سه درصد و 100 میلی‌مولار CaCl2.2H2O کپسوله شدند. جهت بررسی تأثیر کاربرد مواد غذایی و تنظیم‌کننده‌های رشد در ماتریکس کپسوله‌کننده، برای تهیه آلژینات سدیم از سه ماتریکس متفاوت شامل آب مقطر استریل، محیط MS مایع و محیط MS مایع همراه با دو میلی‌گرم در لیتر BA و دو میلی‌گرم در لیتر IAA استفاده شد. بذرهای مصنوعی حاصل جهت ارزیابی توانایی جوانه‌زنی و رشد مجدد به محیط MS فاقد هورمون و دو بستره تجاری مخلوط کوکوپیت و پرلیت (1:1) و مخلوط کوکوپیت، پرلیت و پیت ماس (1:1:1) منتقل شدند. استفاده از مواد غذایی و تنظیم‌کننده‌های رشد در ماتریکس آلژینات به‌طور معنی‌داری رشد مجدد نوک شاخه‌های کپسوله­شده را بهبود بخشید. بیش‌ترین میزان تبدیل بذرهای مصنوعی 100 درصد بود که از کاشت در شرایط درون‌شیشه‌ای روی محیط MS به‌دست آمد و کاشت مستقیم در شرایط بیرون شیشه‌ای باعث کاهش توانایی تبدیل و رشد آن‌ها شد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
آلژینات سدیم
بستره تجاری
شرایط بیرونشیشه‌ای
ماتریکس کپسولهکننده
محیط MS

عنوان مقاله English

Encapsulation of two Iranian sunflower hybrid shoot tips and compared conversion and growth of synthetic seeds produced on different substrates

نویسندگان English

Soheila Moradi 1
Mohammadreza Azimi 2
Saeed Pourdad 3
Fariborz Habibi 4
1 M.Sc. Student, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Dry-land Agricultural Research Institute (DARI), Kermanshah, Iran
4 Former M.Sc. Student, Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
چکیده English

This investigation was carried out to determine the conversion and growth ability of artificial seeds derived from encapsulation of sunflower shoot tips in different substrates as factorial based completely randomized design with five replications, in tissue culture laboratory of Kermanshah Agriculture Research Center in 2013. Shoot tips excised from in vitro proliferated sunflower plantlets were encapsulated in three percent sodium alginate and 100 mM CaCl2.2H2O. Determination the effect of using nutrients and plant growth regulators, alginate matrix supplement with three different matrixes include distilled water, liquid MS medium and liquid MS medium whit tow mg/l BA and tow mg/l IAA. Synthetic seeds were transferred on hormone-free MS medium and two commercial substrates mixture of cocopeat, perlite (1:1) or cocopeat, perlite and peat moss (1:1:1) for generation and growth ability evaluation. Using of MS nutrients and plant growth regulators in calcium alginate beads significantly improved encapsulated explants growth. Maximum percentage response for conversion of synthetic seeds was 100 percent that was achieved from in vitro culture on MS medium and directly culture in ex vitro condition caused to decrease the conversion and growth them.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Commercial substrates
Encapsulation matrix
Ex vitro
MS medium
Sodium alginate
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به نژادی گیاهان زراعی و باغی
دوره 4، شماره 1
خرداد 1398
صفحه 49-59