ارزیابی تحمل به تنش کم آبی در برخی ژنوتیپ‌های کنجد

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران

2 مربی‌ گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران

چکیده

تنوع ژنتیکی و تحمل به خشکی ژنوتیپ‏های کنجد از طریق مطالعۀ شاخص‏های تحمل به خشکی و ترسیم بای‏پلات با آزمایشی در قالب طرح بلوک‏های کامل تصادفی با 12 تیمار و 3 تکرار، در مزرعۀ تحقیقاتی دانشکدۀ کشاورزی دانشگاه بیرجند در سال زراعی 1389‌ـ 1390 ‌بررسی شد. تیمار مورد نظر در 12 سطح شامل ژنوتیپ‏های بیرجند، خوسف، تربت جام، رقم سینتتیک (صفی‏آباد)، داراب 1، داراب 14، بندر‌عباس، یلووایت، دشتستان 2، دشتستان 5 و لاین‏های 2 و TN234 و تنش در دو سطح (تنش خشکی و نرمال) بود. آبیاری در محیط نرمال براساس 100 و در محیط تنش براساس 200 میلی‏متر تبخیر از تشتک تبخیر کلاس A انجام گرفت. ژنوتیپ‏های مورد نظر از نظر کلیۀ صفات به استثنای طول، عرض و تعداد کپسول تفاوت معنا‏داری با هم در هر دو محیط داشتند و تنش بر کلیۀ صفات به‌جزطول و عرض کپسول تأثیرگذار بود. ژنوتیپ‏های بندرعباس و داراب 14 بیشترین و ژنوتیپ‏های صفی‏آباد و لاین 2 کمترین عملکرد در شرایط نرمال را داشت. در شرایط تنش، ژنوتیپ‏های داراب 1 و لاین TN234 بیشترین و ژنوتیپ‏های بیرجند و داراب 14 کمترین عملکرد داشتند. بیشترین آسیب تنش در صفات تعداد کپسول، عملکرد دانه، تعداد برگ و شاخص برداشت و کمترین آسیب در صفات تعداد شاخۀ فرعی، وزن هزاردانه، وزن کپسول، ارتفاع بوته و عملکرد بیولوژیکی مشاهده شد. بنابراین، شاخص‏های [1]STI، [2]GMP، [3]MP و [4]Harm مطلوب بوده و گزینش براساس آن‌ها ژنوتیپ‏های داراب 1 و لاین TN234 را به‌منزلۀ ژنوتیپ‏های مطلوب شناسایی کرد.



[1] .Stress Tolerance Index


[2] .Geometric Mean Productivity


[3] .Mean Productivity


[4] .Harmonic Mean

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of tolerance to water stress in some sesame genotypes

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Zabet 1
  • Ali Reza Samadzadeh 2
1 Assistant of Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, university of Birjand
2 Instructor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, university of Birjand
چکیده [English]

To study genetic diversity and drought tolerance in sesame genotypes, an experiment in a randomized complete block design with three replications in 2010-2011 was conducted at the Agricultural Research Field, University of Birjand under stress and non-stress conditions. The aim of this study was the testing of yield, tolerance index and bi-plot analysis. Materials included genotypes Birjand, Khusf, Torbate-jam, Safi-Abad, Darab 1, Darab 14, Bandar Abbas, Yellowite, Dashtestan 2, Dashtestan 5, Line 2 and Line TN234. The irrigation was carried in 100 and 200 mm evaporation of A class pan in normal and stress conditions respectively. The compound analysis of variance showed that the genotypes were different in the most traits except for capsule length, capsule width and the number of capsules. The drought stress was affected on the most traits except for capsule length, capsule width. Mean comparisons showed that the genotypes Bandar Abbas and Darab 1 have the highest and Safiabad and Darab 14 lines have the lowest YP. The genotypes Darab 1 and Line TN234 have highest and the genotypes Birjand and Darab 14 have the lowest YS. The maximum damage of drought stress was on the capsule number, economic yield, leaf number and harvest index and the minimum damage were on the auxiliary branch number, seed weight, capsule weight, plant height and biomass. Correlation analysis showed that STI, GMP, MP and Harm are appropriate and selection on their identified darab1 and TN234 line as desirable genotypes.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cluster
  • Components
  • Correlation
  • index
  • Plot
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